3(a)
(i) Write the balanced chemical equation to prepare ammonia gas in the laboratory by using an alkali.
(ii) State why concentrated sulphuric acid is not used for drying ammonia gas.
(iii) Why is ammonia gas not collected over water?
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(i) 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 ⟶ CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3 [g]
(ii) As sulphuric acid reacts chemically with ammonia to form ammonium sulphate hence, it is not used as a drying agent for drying ammonia.
2NH3 + H2SO4 ⟶ (NH4)2SO4
(iii) As ammonia gas is highly soluble in water hence, it is not collected over water.