Explain how gears are used in robotics. Describe any two types of gears.

In robotics, gears are used to transmit motion and power from a motor to different parts of the robot (like wheels, arms, grippers). By changing the gear ratio, gears can increase torque (turning force) for lifting/gripping or increase speed for faster movement, and also help in smooth, controlled and precise motion of robot mechanisms.

Types of gears:

1. Spur gears — Spur gears have straight teeth and are mounted on parallel shafts. They are the most commonly used gears and are suitable for simple power transmission.

2. Helical gears — Helical gears have angled teeth, which allow smoother and quieter operation compared to spur gears. They are used in applications where high torque and reduced noise are required.